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[Superoxide generation and human cytomegalovirus infection]
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|February 18, 1998
Summary
Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) are linked to various diseases. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection significantly increases ROI, particularly superoxide, impacting conditions like cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and smooth muscle cell diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Virology
Context:
- Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), including superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (.OH), are implicated in disease pathogenesis.
- Superoxide generation is increasingly recognized for its role in disease progression following viral infections such as influenza virus, HIV-1, and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV).
Purpose:
- This review aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI).
- To highlight the specific roles of ROI, particularly superoxide, in HCMV pathogenesis and associated disease conditions.
Summary:
- Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in primary peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages from healthy donors leads to significantly elevated superoxide (O2-) production.
- Studies using a mouse model with mouse cytomegalovirus underscore the critical role of superoxide in the development of cytomegalovirus pneumonitis.
- The review also emphasizes the contribution of HCMV-induced ROI to the pathogenesis of smooth muscle cell disorders, including restenosis and atherosclerosis.
Impact:
- Understanding the link between HCMV and ROI can reveal novel therapeutic targets for managing HCMV-related diseases.
- This knowledge may lead to strategies to mitigate ROI-induced cellular damage in conditions like cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, restenosis, and atherosclerosis.