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Personal sampling of airborne particles: method performance and data quality

N A Janssen1, G Hoek, H Harssema

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences, Environmental and Occupational Health University of Wageningen, The Netherlands NICOLE.JANSSEN@STAFF.EOH.WAU.NL

Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology
|February 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

This study assessed personal exposure to respirable particles (PM10) and fine particles (FP) in Dutch adults and children. Method performance was validated, revealing high compliance and accurate measurements, though adults altered behavior during sampling.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Occupational Health
  • Air Quality Monitoring

Background:

  • Personal exposure monitoring is crucial for understanding individual contact with air pollutants.
  • Respirable particles (PM10) and fine particles (FP) pose significant health risks.
  • Assessing the performance of personal sampling equipment and potential behavioral changes is vital for data accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of personal samplers for PM10 and FP in adults and children.
  • To assess method performance, including compliance, flow rates, weighing procedures, and co-location with stationary methods.
  • To investigate potential behavioral changes in subjects due to wearing personal sampling equipment.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted personal exposure measurements (4-8 per subject) over 24-hour periods on weekdays for 50-70 year-old adults and primary school children in the Netherlands.

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  • Evaluated method performance through compliance checks, flow rate assessments, gravimetric analysis of filters, field blanks, and co-location studies.
  • Compared time-activity patterns on sampling days versus other weekdays to detect behavioral alterations.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved high compliance (95%) and measurement success rates (>90%).
    • Flow rates remained within 10% of the target (4 L/min).
    • Gravimetric analysis showed good precision for PM10 (0.7-2.8 µg/m³) and FP (0.4 µg/m³), with detection limits below measured concentrations. Co-location yielded high correlations (R > 0.90).
    • Personal samplers measured slightly higher concentrations (4-9% for PM10, 6% for FP) compared to some stationary methods.
    • Adults significantly reduced outdoor time and increased home time on sampling days; children showed no significant behavioral changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Personal sampling methods for PM10 and FP demonstrated reliable performance and high compliance in the studied populations.
    • Observed higher concentration readings with personal samplers compared to certain stationary methods warrant further investigation.
    • Adults exhibited behavioral modifications during personal sampling, which should be considered in exposure assessment.