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[The basic anatomical variants of the single heart ventricle and the characteristics of their clinical courses]
Insights
This study analyzed 146 patients with single ventricle heart defects, identifying common anatomical variants and three distinct clinical patterns based on pulmonary blood flow. Most patients had associated congenital heart diseases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Congenital Heart Disease Research
Background:
- Single ventricle of the heart is a complex congenital anomaly.
- Understanding its anatomical variants and clinical presentations is crucial for patient management.
- Associated congenital heart diseases are common in patients with single ventricle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the anatomical variants of single ventricle of the heart.
- To identify patterns of clinical course based on pulmonary blood flow.
- To determine the prevalence of associated congenital heart diseases and secondary complications.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 146 patients with single ventricle of the heart.
- Classification of anatomical variants: biflow left ventricle, biflow right ventricle, indeterminate type.
- Categorization of clinical course into three patterns based on pulmonary blood flow.
Main Results:
- Biflow left ventricle (35.6%), biflow right ventricle (33.6%), and indeterminate type (30.8%) were the main anatomical variants.
- Clinical patterns included inadequate pulmonary blood flow (49.3%), excessive pulmonary blood flow (29.5%), and balanced blood flow (21.2%).
- 117 patients had associated congenital heart diseases; 15 developed secondary cardiomyopathy.
Conclusions:
- Single ventricle of the heart exhibits diverse anatomical variations and clinical presentations.
- Pulmonary blood flow patterns significantly influence the clinical course.
- High rates of associated congenital heart diseases and potential for cardiomyopathy necessitate comprehensive management strategies.
Abstract:
Results are analysed of examination of 146 patients with different anatomical variants of single ventricle of the heart. 52 cases (35.6%) demonstrated biflow left ventricle, 49 (33.6%) biflow right ventricle, and 45 (30.8%) had indeterminate type single ventricle of the heart. Three main patterns of clinical course were identified: pattern I (presenting with inadequate pulmonary bloodflow) occurred in 49.3% of cases. Pattern II (with excessive pulmonary bloodflow) was recorded in 29.5% of cases. Pattern III (with balanced blood flow in both greater and lesser circulation) was identified in 21.2% of patients. 117 patients had their single ventricle of the heart associated with other congenital heart diseases. Secondary cardiomyopathy due to chronic volume overload of the ventricle was seen in 15 patients.