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Validation of benzene exposure assessment
M Dosemeci1, N Rothman, S N Yin
1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. DosemecM@EPNDCE.NCI.NIH.GOV
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|February 24, 1998
Summary
This study validated a benzene exposure assessment method for Chinese workers by linking estimated exposure levels to benzene poisoning (hematotoxicity). The reliable method showed a sharp increase in toxicity risks with higher benzene exposure, confirming its accuracy for epidemiological studies.
Area of Science:
- Occupational health
- Epidemiology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Quantitative retrospective exposure assessment is crucial for epidemiological studies of occupational hazards.
- Validating exposure assessment methods ensures the reliability of epidemiological findings.
- Benzene exposure is a known risk factor for hematotoxicity and various cancers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate a quantitative retrospective exposure assessment method for benzene in Chinese worker populations.
- To assess the reliability of historical benzene exposure data collected across various industries and job titles.
- To confirm the association between estimated benzene exposure and benzene-induced hematotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- A methodologic study was conducted in 672 factories across 12 Chinese cities.
- Historical exposure data for 3179 job titles from 1949-1987 were collected and analyzed.
- Benzene exposure estimates were correlated with clinical diagnoses of benzene poisoning (hematotoxicity) in 412 cases.
Main Results:
- A total of 18,435 exposure estimates were developed, with 38% based on monitoring data.
- The rubber industry, particularly glue applicators, showed the highest time-weighted average benzene exposures (up to 52.6 ppm).
- A strong, dose-dependent relationship was observed between estimated benzene exposure intensity and the relative risk of hematotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- The validated quantitative retrospective exposure assessment method is reliable for epidemiological studies.
- The strong association between estimated benzene exposure and hematotoxicity supports the method's accuracy.
- This validated method enhances the reliability of future occupational cancer epidemiology studies involving benzene exposure.