Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: a multidisciplinary perspective

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology
• Microbiology
• Population Biology

Background:

• Predictions of infectious disease elimination have been invalidated by emerging and reemerging infections.
• Significant threats include acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), hemorrhagic fevers, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, tuberculosis, and malaria.
• Understanding these disease dynamics is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a multidisciplinary perspective on emerging and reemerging infectious diseases.
• To address key questions regarding the definition, identification, and causative factors of these infections.
• To explore multidisciplinary approaches for combating infectious disease threats.

Main Methods:

• An open forum was convened at Emory University.
• Twenty-three experts from diverse fields (infectious diseases, epidemiology, genetics, microbiology, population biology) participated.
• Discussions focused on defining, identifying, and understanding the factors driving emerging and reemerging infections.

Main Results:

• The forum highlighted the complex nature of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases.
• Key factors contributing to their emergence and reemergence were discussed.
• Multidisciplinary strategies were identified as essential for effective control.

Conclusions:

• Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases represent a persistent and evolving global health challenge.
• A comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach is necessary for effective surveillance, preparedness, and response.
• Continued research and collaboration are vital to mitigate the impact of these infections.