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Related Experiment Videos

Morphology of the developing human endolymphatic sac

M Ng1, F H Linthicum

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles 90033, USA.

The Laryngoscope
|February 24, 1998
PubMed
Summary

The human endolymphatic sac (ES) develops a tubular structure early in fetal development, challenging previous assumptions. This complex tubular system, also observed in rhesus monkeys, may indicate advanced function.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The adult human endolymphatic sac (ES) is a complex tubular network.
  • Embryologic studies describe the fetal ES as a simple, pouch-like structure.
  • The transition from saccular to tubular ES during fetal development is not well-documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental timeline of the human endolymphatic sac (ES).
  • To compare human ES development with that of six animal species.
  • To determine if the tubular ES structure is unique to humans.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of 45 human fetal temporal bones.
  • Review of endolymphatic sac structures in six animal species.
  • Histological analysis to trace ES morphology from gestation.

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Main Results:

  • The tubular structure of the human ES was identified as early as 26 weeks' gestation.
  • ES maturation varied during fetal development and continued postnatally.
  • The tubular system was observed for the first time in the rhesus monkey ES.

Conclusions:

  • The tubular endolymphatic sac (ES) develops earlier in human gestation than previously thought.
  • The presence of a tubular ES in rhesus monkeys suggests it may not be unique to humans.
  • The tubular system likely represents a more advanced, specialized function of the ES.