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Renal medullary carcinoma

R S Figenshau1, J W Basler, J H Ritter

  • 1Department of Surgery, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

The Journal of Urology
|February 25, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Renal medullary carcinoma, a rare cancer in young patients with sickle cell trait, has a dismal prognosis. Early diagnosis may improve survival for this aggressive neoplasm.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Renal medullary carcinoma (RMC) is an aggressive neoplasm predominantly affecting young individuals with sickle cell trait.
  • RMC typically presents as a metastatic disease at the time of surgical resection.
  • Pathological examination reveals a tumor primarily in the renal medulla with diverse morphology.

Observation:

  • The prognosis for RMC is extremely poor, with a median survival of only 15 weeks post-resection.
  • Treatment outcomes with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have historically been ineffective.
  • Two additional cases of RMC were treated, and the literature on 35 other patients was reviewed.

Findings:

  • Both patients in this study succumbed to the disease.
  • All 37 documented cases, including the current ones, resulted in mortality.
  • The aggressive nature of RMC and its resistance to current therapeutic modalities are confirmed.

Implications:

  • A high index of suspicion is crucial for earlier diagnosis of RMC.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation may offer a potential avenue to improve patient survival.
  • Further research into novel therapeutic strategies is warranted for this rare and aggressive cancer.

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