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Metered dose inhaler: past, present, and future
1The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Summary
The conventional metered dose inhaler (MDI) faces uncertainty due to a chlorofluorocarbon ban. Newer dry powder inhalers and Freon-free MDIs are emerging as promising replacements for asthma treatment.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) have long been used for respiratory diseases.
- The production ban on chlorofluorocarbons (Freon) threatens the future of conventional MDIs.
- Asthma caretakers need to be aware of evolving inhaler technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review aerosolized treatment modalities for asthma management.
- To focus on metered dose inhalers (MDIs), their propellants, and modifications.
- To assess the impact of environmental regulations on inhaler technology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of metered dose inhaler (MDI) related studies.
- Utilized the MEDLINE database for English language publications.
- Focused on advancements and alternatives in aerosol therapy.
Main Results:
- Dry powder inhalers (DPIs), particularly multi-dose types, show significant promise.
- Freon-free pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are being developed.
- These newer devices are expected to replace conventional Freon-propelled MDIs.
Conclusions:
- Dry powder inhalers and Freon-free MDIs are viable alternatives.
- The transition away from Freon propellants is imminent.
- Future asthma management will likely rely on these advanced inhaler systems.