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Metered dose inhaler: past, present, and future
1The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background:
The metered dose inhaler (MDI) to treat respiratory diseases was introduced many years ago. Due to the recently proposed ban on chlorofluorocarbon (Freon) production, the survival of the conventional MDI is uncertain. It is therefore incumbent on asthma caretakers to familiarize themselves with newer versions of the inhaler.
Objective:
To review the different modalities of aerosolized treatment employed in the management of asthma. This article is specifically focused on issues related to MDIs, the propellants, and the modifications since its introduction.
Data Source:
The MEDLINE database was used to review MDI related literature in the English language.
Conclusion:
Dry powder inhalers (especially the multi-dose type) and Freon-free pressurized MDIs appear promising and probably will replace conventional freon-propelled pressurized MDIs when Freon is no longer available.
Insights
The conventional metered dose inhaler (MDI) faces uncertainty due to a chlorofluorocarbon ban. Newer dry powder inhalers and Freon-free MDIs are emerging as promising replacements for asthma treatment.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Pharmacology
- Medical Device Technology
Background:
- Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) have long been used for respiratory diseases.
- The production ban on chlorofluorocarbons (Freon) threatens the future of conventional MDIs.
- Asthma caretakers need to be aware of evolving inhaler technologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review aerosolized treatment modalities for asthma management.
- To focus on metered dose inhalers (MDIs), their propellants, and modifications.
- To assess the impact of environmental regulations on inhaler technology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of metered dose inhaler (MDI) related studies.
- Utilized the MEDLINE database for English language publications.
- Focused on advancements and alternatives in aerosol therapy.
Main Results:
- Dry powder inhalers (DPIs), particularly multi-dose types, show significant promise.
- Freon-free pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are being developed.
- These newer devices are expected to replace conventional Freon-propelled MDIs.
Conclusions:
- Dry powder inhalers and Freon-free MDIs are viable alternatives.
- The transition away from Freon propellants is imminent.
- Future asthma management will likely rely on these advanced inhaler systems.