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The American Journal of Ophthalmology 1862-1864
1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1997
Summary
The American Journal of Ophthalmology, established in 1862, was the first specialty periodical in the Western Hemisphere. Its early history involved its founder, Julius Homberger, and the establishment of the American Ophthalmological Society.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Medical History
- Journalism History
Background:
- The American Journal of Ophthalmology, founded in 1862, holds the distinction of being the first specialty periodical in the Western Hemisphere.
- Its initial publication and editorship were spearheaded by Julius Homberger, M.D., a young emigrant from Germany.
Observation:
- The journal ceased publication in 1864, coinciding with the possible establishment of the American Ophthalmological Society, the first national medical specialty society.
- Julius Homberger's advocacy for specialist advertising and his subsequent expulsion from the American Medical Association are notable events during this period.
Findings:
- The journal experienced a second series starting in 1884 under Adolf Alt in St. Louis.
- The current third series, initiated in 1918, consolidated five ophthalmic publications, with Edward Jackson serving as editor.
Implications:
- The early history of the American Journal of Ophthalmology reflects the nascent stages of specialized medical practice and publication in the United States.
- The interactions between Homberger, his journal, and professional societies highlight evolving standards in medical ethics and advertising.