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Published on: February 28, 2019
The evolution of genes in the major histocompatibility complex
Federation Proceedings
|August 1, 1976
Summary
The mammalian major histocompatibility system (MHS) controls immune responses and cell interactions. Its genes, including those for transplantation antigens and immune responsiveness (Ir genes), likely evolved through gene duplication.
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Molecular Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- The mammalian major histocompatibility system (MHS) is a complex genetic region.
- It encodes crucial cell surface glycoproteins involved in immune recognition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the genetic structure and evolutionary origins of the MHS.
- To understand the role of MHS gene products in cellular interaction and immune regulation.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of gene structure and function within the MHS.
- Comparative genetic studies to infer evolutionary relationships.
Main Results:
- MHS includes genes for transplantation antigens (H-2K, H-2D), Ia antigens, complement components, and immune response (Ir) genes.
- Gene products (K, D, I) are structurally related cell surface glycoproteins.
- Evidence suggests MHS arose from tandem gene duplication, potentially from the T/t complex.
Conclusions:
- The MHS determines cell surface proteins vital for cellular recognition and immune response regulation.
- Evolutionary origins may involve gene duplication and translocation events, possibly linking MHS to immunoglobulin genes.
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