Multiorgan damage in acute oral carbamates poisonings

The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and the kind of multiorgan damage in acute oral carbamates poisonings. Under analysis there were 36 carbamates orally poisoned patients treated at the Department of Clinical Toxicology in the years 1987-1997. Patients with the liver or biliary tract diseases, chronic circulatory insufficiency symptoms, HBs antigen carriers, who suffered head traumas, CNS illness and heavy drinkers were excluded from the study. The organs damage was noted in 91.7% of the poisoned patients. The respiratory system followed by the CNS and the liver were mostly affected by carbamates toxicity. The frequency of pathological changes in the kidney and circulatory system was relatively lower. Only in a few persons peripheral nervous system injuries were noted. In 15% of the examined group the injuries of one organ only was stated. In 48.5% of the patients simultaneous injury of two and three organs or systems were noted. 36.3% of the patients suffered from multiorgan (four or more) damage. In all the severely poisoned patients (III degree) the organs damage was noted. In 53% of them the simultaneous damage of four or more organs/systems was noted. In the group of patients stated as moderately poisoned on admission to the clinic, the multiorgan damage (2-3 organs/systems) was found in 77% of the patients. The lowest number of organ damage was observed in the group of slightly poisoned patients.