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Arterial calcifications in beta-thalassemia

A Aessopos1, M Samarkos, E Voskaridou

  • 1First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Athens, Greece.

Angiology
|March 3, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Arterial calcifications are common in older patients with beta-thalassemia, potentially indicating an acquired pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) syndrome. This suggests a higher risk of vascular events in these individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Beta-thalassemia patients often exhibit angioid streaks and skin lesions similar to pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE).
  • Arterial calcifications are a known manifestation of PXE, suggesting a potential link in beta-thalassemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of arterial calcifications in beta-thalassemia patients.
  • To investigate the association between arterial calcifications, angioid streaks, and PXE-like skin lesions in beta-thalassemia.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic assessment of tibial arteries for calcifications in 40 beta-thalassemia patients (age >30) and 40 controls.
  • Clinical examination for PXE skin lesions and angioid streaks (AS).

Main Results:

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  • Arterial calcifications were found in 55% of beta-thalassemia patients versus 15% of controls (P < 0.01).
  • PXE skin lesions and AS were present in 20% and 52% of patients, respectively.
  • 85% of patients had at least one of the three conditions: arterial calcifications, AS, or PXE-like skin lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial calcifications are prevalent in older beta-thalassemia patients.
  • This may represent an acquired PXE syndrome associated with beta-thalassemia.
  • Vascular complications similar to those in PXE should be anticipated in these patients.