Oxa1p, an essential component of the N-tail protein export machinery in mitochondria

A number of nuclear encoded inner membrane proteins of mitochondria span the membrane in such a manner that their N termini are located in the intermembrane space. Many of these proteins attain this membrane orientation by undergoing an export step from the matrix across the inner membrane. This export process, which resembles bacterial N-tail export from energetic and topogenic signal requirements, is facilitated by Oxa1p, a protein that has homologues throughout prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Oxa1p, as we have previously shown, is required to export the N and C termini of the mitochondrially encoded pCoxII to the intermembrane space. We demonstrate here that imported nuclear encoded proteins physically interact with Oxa1p and depend on Oxa1p for efficient export of their N termini to the intermembrane space. Furthermore, Oxa1p interacts with nascent polypeptide chains synthesized in mitochondria, including the fully synthesized pCoxII and CoxIII species. Thus, Oxa1p represents a component of a general export machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane.