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Immunization against rabies with plant-derived antigen

A Modelska1, B Dietzschold, N Sleysh

  • 1Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Engineered plant virus particles carrying rabies virus antigens successfully induced immune responses in mice. Oral or intraperitoneal immunization offered protection against rabies virus challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Plant biotechnology

Background:

  • Recombinant plant virus particles can present foreign antigens.
  • Previous work showed these particles stimulate neutralizing antibody synthesis against rabies virus epitopes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of plant-made rabies virus antigen.
  • To assess both local and systemic immune responses following different administration routes.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were immunized intraperitoneally or orally with engineered plant virus particles containing rabies antigen.
  • Immune responses (serum IgG, IgA) were measured.
  • Protection against lethal rabies virus challenge was assessed.
  • Clinical signs after intranasal infection were evaluated.

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Main Results:

  • Both intraperitoneal and oral administration induced local and systemic immune responses.
  • 40% of intraperitoneally immunized mice were protected against lethal rabies virus challenge.
  • Oral immunization stimulated serum IgG and IgA, and reduced clinical signs from intranasal infection.

Conclusions:

  • Plant-based virus-like particles are a viable platform for rabies vaccine development.
  • Oral administration offers a promising, potentially needle-free, vaccination strategy.
  • Further research into plant-made vaccines for rabies is warranted.