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Different postnatal growth between disproportionate and proportionate fetal growth retardation at term
1Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, University of Alcala, School of Medicine, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Insights
Full-term infants with fetal growth retardation (FGR) syndrome show lower weight and height at six months post-delivery compared to controls. Proportionate FGR infants experienced more significant height catch-up than disproportionate ones.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal studies
- Pediatric growth and development
Background:
- Fetal growth retardation (FGR) syndrome affects infant development.
- Understanding postnatal growth patterns in FGR infants is crucial for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the postnatal growth of full-term infants with FGR syndrome at six months.
- To compare growth between disproportionate and proportionate FGR subgroups and controls.
Main Methods:
- Prospective follow-up of 200 full-term infants (100 FGR, 100 controls).
- FGR group included 34 disproportionate and 66 proportionate cases.
- Standard pediatric evaluation at six months postnatal life.
Main Results:
- FGR infants had significantly lower weight (7.183g vs 8.019g) and height at six months.
- 31% of FGR infants were below the 10th percentile for weight versus 3% of controls.
- 38% of FGR infants were below the 10th percentile for height versus 7% of controls.
Conclusions:
- FGR infants exhibit reduced weight and height six months post-delivery.
- Both FGR subgroups had similar weight and height at six months.
- Proportionate FGR infants demonstrated more significant height catch-up growth.
Objective:
To evaluate the postnatal growth of full-term infants with fetal growth retardation (FGR) syndrome and their subgroups (disproportionate and proportionate) after six months of delivery.
Methods:
This is a prospective follow-up study of 200 full-term gestations. We compare 100 FGRs (34 cases of FGR-disproportionate and 66 FGR-proportionate) infants against 100 normal infants/controls. At the sixth months of postnatal life, the infants were subjected to a standard paediatric evaluation and examination.
Results:
At the sixth months of postnatal life, the infant weight was 7.183 g +/- 727 in the FGR group vs. 8.019 g +/- 823 in the control group, p < 0.001. 31% of FGR infants were found under the 10th percentile value as read for the 6th months standard, whereas the same value was detected in only 3% of control infants, p < 0.001. Likewise, 38% of FGR cases were under the 10th percentile of height versus 7% of control cases, p < 0.001. Proportionate FGR infants showed a higher increase of height in comparison to those from a disproportionate group (17.3 cm +/- 1.4 vs. 15.5 cm +/- 3.4, p < 0.05). A negative correlation was found between neonatal ponderal index (NPI) and weight gain (R = -0.16, p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Six months after delivery, weight and height were lower in FGR infants than in controls. At that age, disproportionate and proportionate FGR infants had similar weight and height, being the height catch-up more significant in proportionate ones.