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Prognostic factors in neonatal tetanus
A A Davies-Adetugbo1, S E Torimiro, K A Ako-Nai
1Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile Ife, Nigeria. adetugbo@hotmail.com
Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
|March 4, 1998
Summary
Neonatal tetanus (NNT) is a major cause of infant death. Short incubation periods and low birth weight are key predictors of mortality, highlighting the need for improved delivery hygiene and cord care.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains a significant cause of mortality in developing nations.
- Identifying prognostic indicators is crucial for managing NNT cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine prognostic indicators for neonatal tetanus (NNT).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 174 neonates diagnosed with NNT admitted to Ife State Hospital between 1991 and 1995.
- Analysis of clinical records to identify factors associated with mortality.
Main Results:
- Mortality rate for NNT was 57.5%.
- Significant predictors of mortality included incubation period of ≤6 days (OR=3.11) and infant weight <2.5 kg (OR=2.46).
- Home births and lack of antenatal care were also associated with increased mortality.
Conclusions:
- Hygienic delivery practices and proper umbilical cord care are essential for preventing NNT deaths.
- Universal prenatal care and education programs can substantially decrease NNT incidence and mortality.