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Prognostic factors in neonatal tetanus

A A Davies-Adetugbo1, S E Torimiro, K A Ako-Nai

  • 1Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile Ife, Nigeria. adetugbo@hotmail.com

Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
|March 4, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal tetanus (NNT) is a major cause of infant death. Short incubation periods and low birth weight are key predictors of mortality, highlighting the need for improved delivery hygiene and cord care.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains a significant cause of mortality in developing nations.
  • Identifying prognostic indicators is crucial for managing NNT cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine prognostic indicators for neonatal tetanus (NNT).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 174 neonates diagnosed with NNT admitted to Ife State Hospital between 1991 and 1995.
  • Analysis of clinical records to identify factors associated with mortality.

Main Results:

  • Mortality rate for NNT was 57.5%.
  • Significant predictors of mortality included incubation period of ≤6 days (OR=3.11) and infant weight <2.5 kg (OR=2.46).

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  • Home births and lack of antenatal care were also associated with increased mortality.

    • Conclusions:

    • Hygienic delivery practices and proper umbilical cord care are essential for preventing NNT deaths.
    • Universal prenatal care and education programs can substantially decrease NNT incidence and mortality.