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Beta-adrenergic-mediated improvement in left ventricular function by exercise training in older men

R J Spina1, M J Turner, A A Ehsani

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.

The American Journal of Physiology
|March 5, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Exercise training enhances left ventricular (LV) function in older adults by improving beta-adrenergic stimulation responses. This adaptation boosts cardiac output and diastolic filling, counteracting age-related decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Age-related decline in left ventricular (LV) function is a significant concern.
  • Exercise training is known to improve cardiovascular health, but mechanisms in older adults require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if exercise training-induced improvements in LV function in older adults are mediated by enhanced beta-adrenergic stimulation.
  • To determine the impact of training on LV systolic and diastolic function responses to catecholamines.

Main Methods:

  • 10 sedentary older men (65 yrs) underwent 9 months of exercise training.
  • Left ventricular function was assessed using two-dimensional echocardiography before and after training.
  • Responses to isoproterenol (a beta-adrenergic agonist) and beta-adrenergic blockade (esmolol HCl) were evaluated.

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Main Results:

  • Exercise training increased aerobic capacity by 28% and improved LV systolic shortening in response to isoproterenol.
  • Training enhanced the relationship between fractional shortening and end-systolic wall stress, indicating improved contractility.
  • Diastolic filling improved, and beta-adrenergic blockade negated the training-induced gains in LV systolic reserve and cardiac output during exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise training enhances LV systolic function in older adults through increased inotropic sensitivity to catecholamines.
  • These adaptations contribute to improved cardiac output and diastolic filling during exercise.
  • Beta-adrenergic pathways are crucial for mediating the cardiovascular benefits of exercise training in aging individuals.