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Coccidiomycosis presenting as a popliteal cyst
D C Wascher1, G P Hartman, C Salka
1Department of Orthopaedics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
Summary
Coccidiomycosis, a fungal infection, can manifest as a popliteal cyst. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial for managing this extrapulmonary dissemination.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Coccidiomycosis is a systemic fungal infection endemic to the Americas.
- Pulmonary involvement is common, but extrapulmonary dissemination, particularly to the musculoskeletal system, can occur.
- The knee joint is a frequent site for Coccidioides joint infections.
Observation:
- This case report details a patient whose initial presentation of coccidiomycosis mimicked a popliteal cyst.
- The patient's popliteal cyst was ultimately diagnosed as coccidioidal infection.
- No other obvious etiologies were identified for the popliteal cyst.
Findings:
- Coccidioides infection can present atypically as a popliteal cyst.
- Aggressive surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy are necessary for successful eradication.
- Prompt diagnosis is essential to prevent further complications.
Implications:
- Coccidiomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis for popliteal cysts, especially in endemic areas.
- This case highlights the importance of considering fungal infections in musculoskeletal presentations.
- Timely and appropriate management can lead to favorable patient outcomes.