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Materials with negative compressibilities in one or more dimensions

Baughman1, Stafstrom, Cui

  • 1R. H. Baughman and C. Cui, Allied Signal, Research and Technology, Morristown, NJ 07962-1021, USA. S. Stafstrom, Department of Physics and Measurement Technology, Linkoping University, S-581 83, Linkoping, Sweden. S. O. Dantas, Departamento.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered rare crystals that expand under pressure, exhibiting unique negative Poisson

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Physics

Background:

  • Conventional materials typically contract in all dimensions when subjected to hydrostatic pressure.
  • Anisotropic materials can exhibit complex responses to applied stress, but expansion under compression is rare.
  • Understanding materials with unusual compressibility is key to developing advanced functional materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize rare crystal phases exhibiting auxetic behavior (expansion under compression).
  • To explore the mechanisms behind negative linear and area compressibility in these crystalline materials.
  • To propose potential applications for materials with these unique mechanical properties.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of specific crystal phases through crystallographic analysis.

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  • Mechanical testing under hydrostatic and uniaxial stress conditions.
  • Theoretical modeling to elucidate mechanisms of negative compressibility.

    • Main Results:

    • Discovery of rare crystal phases that expand in one or more dimensions under hydrostatic compression.
    • Demonstration of negative Poisson's ratios in these identified crystal phases.
    • Observation of volume decrease and 2D expansion under specific tensile strains, and surface area increase under hydrostatic compression.

    Conclusions:

    • Rare crystal phases with negative linear and area compressibility have been identified.
    • Mechanisms for achieving these properties in single crystals and composites are proposed.
    • Potential applications in sensors and novel porous solids are highlighted.