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[Leukoencephalitis with hemiplegia during chickenpox]

O Sebag¹, J C Mas, B Bebin

¹Service de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier de Cannes, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie

|March 7, 1998

Summary

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Chickenpox encephalitis can rarely cause hemiplegia, a severe complication. Early diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids led to a full recovery in a pediatric case.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Pediatrics
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Chickenpox encephalitis typically presents as mild cerebellar ataxia.
Seizures and coma are rare manifestations of this condition.

Observation:

A 4-year-old girl experienced generalized seizures following chickenpox.
She developed ataxia, left hemiparesis, and subsequently left hemiplegia.
Cerebral imaging revealed subcortical hypodensities indicative of leukoencephalitis.

Findings:

Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed acute leukoencephalitis lesions in the right temporo-fronto-parietal subcortical area.
The patient received corticosteroid therapy.
Complete, albeit slow, recovery was observed.

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Implications:

Hemiplegia is an uncommon complication of chickenpox, complicating diagnosis.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (IRM) aids in diagnosing chickenpox leukoencephalitis.
Prompt recognition and management of severe neurological complications are crucial.