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Microsatellites, transposable elements and the X chromosome

P Jarne1, P David, F Viard

  • 1Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université Montpellier II, France. jarne@isem.univ-montp2.fr

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|March 10, 1998
PubMed
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Microsatellite (MS) accumulation in genomes is modeled via replication slippage or transposable elements. This framework explains why MS loci show lower variability and density on the X chromosome compared to autosomes in humans and mice.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Microsatellites (MS) variability is attributed to mutation, drift, selection, and recombination.
  • The mechanisms driving microsatellite accumulation in genomes remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simple model explaining microsatellite density variation.
  • To investigate the reasons for lower variability and density of MS loci on the X chromosome compared to autosomes.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a model for MS locus creation via replication slippage or transposable elements.
  • Applied the model to analyze high-density genomic maps of human and mouse CA repeats.

Main Results:

  • The model accounts for variation in MS locus density.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Observed lower MS variability and density on the X chromosome than autosomes in humans and mice.
  • Differential mutation rates and non-equilibrium distributions may explain these observations.

    • Conclusions:

    • Differential mutation rates are a likely cause for reduced MS variability on the X chromosome.
    • Selection acting on allele size or associated transposable elements could explain reduced MS density on the X chromosome.
    • The proposed framework is a foundational step for more complex modeling of microsatellite evolution.