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Streptococcus suis serotype 2 mutants deficient in capsular expression

Nathalie Charland1, Josée Harel1, Marylène Kobisch2

  • 1Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, CP 5000, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2S 7C6.

Microbiology (Reading, England)
|March 11, 1998
PubMed
Summary

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The polysaccharide capsule of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is crucial for virulence. Acapsular mutants were avirulent in infection models, highlighting the capsule

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacteriology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) causes significant porcine infections and is a zoonotic agent.
  • The virulence factors of S. suis 2 are not fully understood, but the polysaccharide capsule is a suspected key factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the polysaccharide capsule in S. suis 2 virulence.
  • To generate and characterize acapsular mutants of S. suis 2.

Main Methods:

  • Transposon mutagenesis using Tn916 to create acapsular mutants from the virulent S. suis 2 strain S735.
  • Screening of mutants using colony-dot ELISA with a monoclonal antibody specific for the type 2 capsular epitope.
  • Confirmation of capsule absence through coagglutination, capillary precipitation, capsular reaction tests, and transmission electron microscopy.

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Main Results:

  • Two acapsular mutants (2A and 79) with Tn916 insertions were successfully generated.
  • Acapsular mutants exhibited increased hydrophobicity and phagocytosis by macrophages compared to the wild-type strain.
  • Mutants 2A and 79 were avirulent in murine and porcine infection models and were rapidly cleared from circulation in mice.

Conclusions:

  • The polysaccharide capsule of S. suis 2 is a critical virulence factor.
  • Acapsular mutants are significantly attenuated and avirulent, confirming the capsule's role in pathogenesis.