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Plant anticarcinogens

I T Johnson1

  • 1Institute of Food Research, Norwich Laboratory, Colney, UK.

European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)
|March 13, 1998
PubMed
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Diets rich in plant materials and their phytochemicals may reduce cancer risk. These compounds act as blocking agents, modulating carcinogen detoxification, and suppressing agents, influencing cell growth and death.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Cancer Research
  • Phytochemistry

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link plant-rich diets to lower cancer risk.
  • Humans may be adapted to metabolize diverse phytochemicals from numerous plant sources.
  • Plant-derived compounds are classified as anticarcinogenic blocking and suppressing agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of phytochemicals in cancer risk reduction.
  • To classify anticarcinogenic plant compounds based on their mechanisms of action.
  • To highlight the need for further research with human biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological and mechanistic studies.
  • Classification of phytochemicals into blocking and suppressing agents.

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  • Discussion of proposed mechanisms of action.

    • Main Results:

    • Plant-derived phytochemicals exhibit anticarcinogenic potential.
    • Blocking agents affect carcinogen metabolism (activation/detoxification).
    • Suppressing agents influence cancer cell post-initiation events (differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis).

    Conclusions:

    • Phytochemicals in plant-rich diets play a significant role in cancer prevention.
    • Understanding blocking and suppressing agent mechanisms is crucial for cancer research.
    • Further human studies with biomarkers are needed to validate these effects.