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Judgment and decision making

B A Mellers1, A Schwartz, A D Cooke

  • 1Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA. mellers.1@osu.edu

Annual Review of Psychology
|March 13, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Research on judgment and decision making challenges rational choice theory. New frameworks suggest decisions are often reasonable and adaptive, considering factors like rule following and emotions.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Social Science

Background:

  • Traditional rational choice theory defines rationality as a single correct decision.
  • Behavioral research has identified numerous violations of this theory.
  • Debates exist within psychology and social sciences regarding rationality assumptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research in judgment and decision making.
  • To explore traditional and alternative frameworks for understanding decisions.
  • To highlight emerging perspectives on decision-making rationality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on judgment and decision making.
  • Analysis of traditional rational choice theory.
  • Examination of alternative frameworks, including "rule following."

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Main Results:

  • Alternative frameworks propose decisions can be more reasonable and adaptive than previously thought.
  • Rule following often leads to "good enough" solutions by minimizing effort.
  • Ambiguity in rules prompts individuals to seek reasons or rely on emotions.

Conclusions:

  • Decision-making research is evolving beyond strict rational choice models.
  • Understanding judgment and decision making requires considering behavioral and contextual factors.
  • New frameworks offer a more nuanced view of human rationality.