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Correlation of gallbladder ejection fraction with pathologic grade for chronic inflammation

J A Harolds¹, P L Johnson, M A Khalifa

¹Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73112, USA.

Southern Medical Journal

|March 13, 1998

Summary

The gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) is a sensitive but not specific test for chronic gallbladder inflammation. This test may be useful for screening patients with suspected gallbladder disease.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Diagnostic Imaging
Hepatobiliary System

Background:

Chronic cholecystitis diagnosis can be challenging.
Gallbladder ejection fraction (GBEF) is a potential diagnostic marker.
Histological confirmation of gallbladder inflammation is the gold standard.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the sensitivity and specificity of GBEF.
To correlate GBEF with histological grades of chronic cholecystitis.
To evaluate GBEF's utility in diagnosing gallbladder inflammation.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 693 patients with GBEF determination.
161 patients underwent cholecystectomy.
Pathologic specimens were reviewed by a blinded expert and graded for inflammation (0-3).

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Main Results:

GBEF was 23.7% for grade 0, 9.6% for grade 3 inflammation.
Sensitivity for detecting any grade of chronic cholecystitis was 84% (specificity 26%) with GBEF >30%.
Sensitivity for grade 3 disease was 100% (specificity 26%).

Conclusions:

GBEF demonstrates high sensitivity but low specificity for chronic gallbladder inflammation.
GBEF may serve as a useful screening tool in clinical practice.
Further research may refine GBEF's role in gallbladder disease diagnosis.