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Oils and cancer

P E Tolbert1

  • 1Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Cancer Causes & Control : CCC
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mineral oil exposure in metal machining and textile spinning is linked to skin cancer. Some evidence suggests associations with other cancers, but current formulations may be less carcinogenic.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Mineral oils are complex mixtures used in various industries.
  • Exposure occurs through skin contact and inhalation.
  • Contaminants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and nitrosamines are potential carcinogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiologic evidence on mineral oil exposure and cancer risk.
  • To focus on occupations with significant dermal and inhalational exposure.
  • To identify specific cancer associations and influencing factors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of epidemiologic literature.
  • Inclusion of studies on metal machining, print press operating, and textile spinning.
  • Analysis of associations between mineral oil exposure and various cancers.

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Main Results:

  • Clear evidence links early mineral oil formulations to skin cancer in cotton/jute spinning and metal machining.
  • Associations with laryngeal, rectal, esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, and bladder cancers are suggested.
  • Limited evidence connects exposure to colon, prostate, and sinonasal cancers; lung cancer risk noted in printers.

Conclusions:

  • Early mineral oils were carcinogenic, particularly to the skin.
  • Occupational exposure to mineral oils may increase risk for several cancers.
  • Changes in current formulations may alter carcinogenicity, but require further study.