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[New aspects on prostaglandin D synthases]

Y Urade1

  • 1Osaka Bioscience Institute.

Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) acts as a neuromodulator and inflammatory mediator. Researchers identified two PGD2 synthases: lipocalin-type and hematopoietic, revealing distinct roles and structures for PGD2 production.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a key mediator in the central nervous system and immune responses.
  • PGD2 is metabolized into J series prostaglandins.
  • Two distinct PGD2 synthase enzymes have been identified.

Purpose:

  • To characterize the two distinct types of Prostaglandin D2 synthases.
  • To elucidate the structural and functional properties of these enzymes.
  • To understand the role of lipocalin-type PGD synthase as a retinoid transporter.

Summary:

  • Two PGD2 synthases were identified: lipocalin-type (glutathione-independent) and hematopoietic (glutathione-dependent).
  • Lipocalin-type PGD synthase is found in the CNS and genital organs, functioning also as an extracellular retinoid transporter.
  • Hematopoietic PGD synthase, the first vertebrate sigma class glutathione S-transferase, possesses a unique active site cleft.

Impact:

  • Provides insights into the diverse roles of PGD2 in physiological and pathological processes.
  • Advances understanding of prostaglandin synthesis and regulation.
  • Offers potential targets for therapeutic interventions in neurological and inflammatory conditions.

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