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Central nervous system tumors in children

E S Stewart1, D G Cohen

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Seminars in Oncology Nursing
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors present unique challenges compared to adult tumors. A family-centered nursing approach is crucial for managing the impact of childhood brain tumors and monitoring for long-term effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Childhood Cancer Research

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a significant concern in both pediatric and adult populations.
  • Understanding the distinct characteristics of pediatric CNS tumors is essential for effective management.
  • Children possess unique physiological and developmental factors that influence tumor presentation and treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the differences between pediatric and adult central nervous system (CNS) tumors.
  • To explore the specific diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for pediatric brain tumors.
  • To discuss the long-term sequelae associated with childhood CNS tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review.
  • Analysis of existing research articles, book chapters, and abstracts.
  • Synthesis of data on pediatric and adult CNS tumor characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric CNS tumors exhibit distinct biological behaviors and clinical presentations compared to their adult counterparts.
  • Treatment modalities for pediatric brain tumors carry a higher risk of permanent damage due to the developing nature of a child's body and brain.
  • Long-term effects, including intellectual and endocrinologic deficits, require vigilant monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Children with CNS tumors have specific needs throughout their treatment journey and survivorship.
  • A family-centered nursing approach is vital for supporting children and their families in coping with the challenges of a brain tumor diagnosis.
  • Oncology nurses must be well-informed to monitor for and manage intellectual, endocrinologic, and oncogenic late effects in pediatric patients.

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