Menstrual cycle and profiles of suicidal behaviour

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Psychiatry
• Suicidology
• Women's Health

Background:

• The menstrual cycle is a complex hormonal fluctuation that can impact women's mental health.
• Previous research suggests potential links between hormonal changes and mood disorders, including suicidal ideation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between specific phases of the menstrual cycle and the incidence of suicide attempts in women.
• To identify demographic and clinical factors associated with suicide attempts during different menstrual cycle phases.

Main Methods:

• A study involving 113 Spanish women who attempted suicide and sought emergency services.
• Inclusion criteria: fertile, regular cycles, no oral contraceptives, and willingness to undergo psychiatric evaluation.
• Statistical analysis, including correspondence analysis, to examine correlations between suicide attempts, menstrual cycle phase, demographics, and clinical profiles.

Main Results:

• The incidence of suicide attempts was significantly higher during the first week (menstrual phase, 36%) compared to other weeks (second: 19%, third: 16%, fourth: 29%).
• Correspondence analysis indicated associations between suicide attempts and demographic/clinical profiles.
• Suicide attempts during the third week were particularly correlated with a history of severe psychiatric issues and lower educational attainment.

Conclusions:

• The menstrual cycle, specifically the menstrual and premenstrual phases, may be a critical period for suicide attempts in women.
• Demographic and clinical factors, such as psychiatric history and education level, play a role in the timing and context of suicide attempts within the menstrual cycle.
• Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop targeted interventions.