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Auditory dysfunction in occupational noise exposed workers

V Sallustio1, P Portalatini, L Soleo

  • 1Center Dept. of Opthamology and Otolaryngology, University of Bari, Italy. audiolog@cimedoc.uniba.it

Scandinavian Audiology. Supplementum
|March 20, 1998
PubMed
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Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) affects hearing and cochlear function. Early detection of subtle hearing changes in noise-exposed workers is possible using advanced audiological tests.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Occupational Health
  • Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Background:

  • Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a significant public health issue.
  • NIHL impairs hearing thresholds, cochlear function, and speech discrimination, especially in noise.
  • Understanding the early indicators of NIHL is crucial for prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between hearing thresholds, noise exposure levels, age, and working seniority in noise-exposed workers.
  • To evaluate cochlear, nerve, and central auditory functions in different subgroups of noise-exposed workers.
  • To identify sensitive audiological measures for early detection of NIHL.

Main Methods:

  • A homogeneous sample of occupationally noise-exposed workers was studied.

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  • Workers were divided into three subgroups: normal hearing (non-hazardous noise), noise-exposed without NIHL, and noise-exposed with NIHL (4 kHz notch).
  • Evaluated hearing thresholds, equivalent exposure level per day (Lepd), age, working seniority, cochlear functions, and stapedial acoustic reflex dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Hearing-impaired subjects exhibited the poorest overall cochlear performance.
    • Workers exposed to hazardous noise, even without clinical NIHL, showed poorer performance in high-frequency thresholds, frequency resolution, TEOAEs, DPOAEs, and stapedial acoustic reflex dynamics compared to normal hearing controls.
    • Subtle alterations in hearing function were detected in normal-hearing workers exposed to hazardous noise.

    Conclusions:

    • Audiological measures like high-frequency thresholds, frequency resolution, TEOAEs, DPOAEs, and stapedial acoustic reflex dynamics can detect subtle hearing changes.
    • These measures are valuable indicators for monitoring NIHL in occupationally noise-exposed individuals.
    • Early detection through these tests can aid in the prevention and management of NIHL.