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[Infection profile in sickle cell anemia]

S Diop1, G Koffi, E N'Dahtz

  • 1Internes et CES du service d'hématologie, CHU de Yopougon, Côte d'Ivoire.

Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique (1990)
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Sickle cell anaemia patients frequently experience infections, with malaria and bacterial pathogens like Salmonella being common causes. Prophylaxis against malaria and key bacteria is recommended to reduce infection burden.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Pediatrics

Context:

  • Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a genetic blood disorder associated with increased susceptibility to infections.
  • Identifying the specific aetiology and localisation of infections is crucial for effective management in SCA patients.

Purpose:

  • To determine the causes and sites of infection in patients with sickle cell anaemia.
  • To analyze the prevalence of different pathogens, including malaria, bacteria, and viruses, in SCA patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between specific SCA genotypes and infection types.

Summary:

  • Malaria accounted for 47% of fevers, while bacterial infections represented 50%.
  • Respiratory infections were most common (61%), followed by osteomyelitis (24%).

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  • Key bacterial pathogens identified were Salmonella (37%), Haemophilus (16%), Staphylococcus (14%), Streptococcus (10%), and Pneumococcus (9%).
  • Increased bacterial infections were observed in severe anaemia genotypes (SS, SFA2) and also in SC and SAFA2 genotypes.

    • Impact:

    • Findings support malaria prophylaxis in SCA patients.
    • Recommendations include vaccination against Salmonella, Haemophilus, and Pneumococcus.
    • This study informs targeted preventive strategies to reduce infectious complications in sickle cell anaemia.