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Central mechanisms in human enhanced physiological tremor

B Köster1, M Lauk, J Timmer

  • 1Neurologische Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Germany.

Neuroscience Letters
|March 21, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Enhanced physiological tremor (EPT) involves unclear central nervous system sites. This study found that tremor activity in patients with persistent mirror movements (PMM) is coherent between sides, suggesting transcortical transmission.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • The central nervous system structures underlying enhanced physiological tremor (EPT) remain poorly understood.
  • Persistent mirror movements (PMM) involve abnormal bilateral corticospinal projections, offering a unique model to study supraspinal tremor mechanisms.

Observation:

  • Subjects with PMM exhibited bilateral responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and bilateral long-latency reflexes (LLR), unlike control subjects who showed unilateral responses.
  • Electromyographic (EMG) time series recorded from wrist extensor muscles during EPT showed significant right-left coherence between 8 and 12 Hz in PMM subjects, but not in controls.

Findings:

  • A significant 8-12 Hz coherence in tremor activity between the right and left hands was observed in PMM subjects, indicating a shared supraspinal pathway.

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  • Loading one hand to alter its mechanical tremor frequency did not affect the coherence or phase spectra of EMGs, supporting a central origin for the tremor component.

    • Implications:

    • The findings suggest that the 8-12 Hz component of EPT is transmitted transcortically, likely originating from distinct generators for each side of the body.
    • This research provides insights into the neural mechanisms of tremor and motor control, particularly in conditions involving abnormal corticospinal pathways.