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OPT: transformation of nursing process for contemporary practice
1Department of Environments for Health, Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, USA.
Nursing Outlook
|March 26, 1998
Summary
This study introduces the OPT model, a third-generation nursing process focusing on critical thinking and metacognition for improved clinical reasoning and patient outcomes. It offers an alternative to traditional nursing methods.
Area of Science:
- Nursing Science
- Clinical Reasoning
- Healthcare Education
Background:
- The evolution of nursing process models reflects changing clinical, educational, and social influences.
- Early nursing models focused on problem-solving and process.
- Second-generation models emphasized diagnostic reasoning.
Observation:
- Traditional nursing process has evolved through distinct generational phases.
- Each generation addressed specific aspects of nursing practice and cognition.
- A need exists for advanced models to support contemporary nursing challenges.
Findings:
- The proposed third-generation OPT model integrates critical thinking, metacognition, and outcome specification.
- This model supports robust clinical reasoning and outcome testing.
- The OPT model is presented as a viable alternative to traditional nursing process.
Implications:
- The OPT model offers a framework for enhancing clinical decision-making in nursing.
- It encourages a shift towards more sophisticated reasoning skills in practice and education.
- Healthcare professionals are encouraged to explore and adopt advanced reasoning models like OPT.