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Inflammatory mediators in naturally occurring rhinitis

S J Wilson1, L Lau, P H Howarth

  • 1University Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|March 27, 1998
PubMed
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In natural allergic rhinitis, mast cell and eosinophil activation increases vascular permeability. Nasal lavage measurements can monitor these mucosal events and response to therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Rhinology

Background:

  • Allergic diseases are driven by mediators released during inflammatory reactions.
  • Previous studies on allergic rhinitis focused on allergen challenge models, not natural disease.
  • Understanding mediator release in natural disease is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify mast cell and eosinophil mediator levels in naturally occurring rhinitis.
  • To assess indices of vascular permeability in patients with natural rhinitis.
  • To correlate mediator levels with underlying nasal inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Studied three groups: non-rhinitics, seasonal allergic rhinitics, and perennial allergic rhinitics.
  • Collected nasal lavage fluid to measure tryptase, histamine, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and albumin.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enumerated eosinophils in nasal smears to assess inflammation.

    • Main Results:

    • Significantly elevated tryptase, ECP, and albumin in symptomatic seasonal allergic rhinitics compared to asymptomatic individuals and controls.
    • Higher levels of tryptase, ECP, and albumin in perennial allergic rhinitics compared to controls.
    • Increased tryptase and histamine in perennial vs. seasonal allergic rhinitics.
    • Significant eosinophil influx observed in both seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Naturally occurring seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis involve mast cell and eosinophil activation.
    • Increased vascular permeability accompanies mediator release in allergic rhinitis.
    • Nasal lavage measurements offer a viable method for monitoring mucosal cellular events and therapeutic responses.