The theory and practice of health education applied to nursing: a bi-polar approach

The authors contend that health education is an intrinsic part of nursing practice. The paper outlines two models of health education each with different aims, methods and outcomes and these are related explicitly to nursing practice. The tensions between the two approaches are discussed and whilst the authors acknowledge that both models constitute legitimate health education activity within nursing, it is argued that emphasis should be given, where practically possible, to the patient empowerment model. In addition the authors argue that the social determinants of health and health-related behaviour need to be considered by nurses as a powerful factor in the formation of health lifestyles. Therefore a range of approaches should form part of a repertoire of nursing health promotion interventions.