Laparoscopic nephrectomy in children

Using the techniques for laparoscopic nephrectomy developed in adults, pediatric nephrectomy results in equivalent surgical outcomes compared with open surgery. To date, both transperitoneal and retroperitoneal laparoscopic approaches to nephrectomy for benign renal disease have been described. Controversy exists among pediatric urologists, however, regarding the advantages of laparoscopic nephrectomy in children because convalescence from an open nephrectomy is also rapid. This article reviews the current indications and techniques for laparoscopic nephrectomy in children as well as other surgical applications of laparoscopy with respect to the pediatric patient.