Characterization of submicron systems via optical methods

As a means of addressing the issues of drug delivery, submicron colloidal systems have become increasingly used as pharmaceutical formulations. Accurately characterizing physical properties of the constituent particulates present in these systems is an indispensable activity. However, measuring descriptors such as particle size distribution and surface potential presents an experimental challenge. This paper describes the physical basis for a number of optically based techniques that are useful in this task. In addition, the caveats and benefits of these methods are discussed and reference is made to their use in the examination of various multiphase systems such as liposomes, nanoparticles, and emulsions.