Interference of sugars with the binding of biotin to streptavidin and avidin

Streptavidin and avidin have found widespread use as detection reagents in immunology, biochemistry and cell biology due to their high affinity binding to biotin, but the cellular functions of these proteins are not known. We have found that various sugars interfere with the binding of streptavidin and avidin to biotin. Mannose was most effective in inhibiting the binding to biotin followed by other saccharides. The inhibitory effect is most probably due to interactions of the sugars with residues in the binding pocket of streptavidin and avidin for biotin. These results show that great caution has to be exercised in the evaluation of experiments conducted with these detection reagents in the presence of sugars.