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Birth centre practices in Australia

U Waldenström1, J Lawson

  • 1School of Nursing, La Trobe University, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne.

The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|April 1, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Australian birth centres show significant practice variations, with increasing transfers and a perceived need for better public information. The potential market for birth centres is estimated to be much larger than current figures suggest.

Area of Science:

  • Maternal Health
  • Healthcare Management
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Birth centres offer an alternative to hospital births.
  • Understanding current practices is crucial for service improvement.
  • Variations in care can impact outcomes and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current birth centre practices across Australia.
  • To identify variations in clinical protocols and admission criteria.
  • To assess trends in birth centre utilization and transfer rates.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire survey was distributed to 24 Australian birth centres.
  • Data were collected from 22 participating centres.
  • Analysis focused on clinical practices, low-risk criteria, and transfer rates between 1991 and 1995.

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Main Results:

  • Significant variations were found in antenatal visit frequency, medical review patterns, and transfer rates.
  • Low-risk definitions and transfer criteria varied widely and became more lenient over time.
  • Average transfer rates were 22% antepartum and 18% intrapartum, with slight increases observed.
  • Bookings increased by approximately 1,000 per year across the surveyed centres.

Conclusions:

  • Australian birth centres exhibit considerable heterogeneity in practice.
  • There is a growing trend towards more liberal admission and transfer criteria.
  • Increased public awareness is needed to realize the potential market for birth centres, estimated at 16%.