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A novel membrane protein is a mouse mammary tumor virus receptor

T V Golovkina1, J Dzuris, B van den Hoogen

  • 1Department of Microbiology/Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6142, USA.

Journal of Virology
|April 3, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Receptor (MTVR) as a key cellular component for MMTV infection. This novel protein facilitates virus binding and entry into various cell types.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) infects mammary gland and lymphoid cells.
  • Identifying the cellular receptor is crucial for understanding MMTV infection pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the cellular receptor for Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus (MMTV).

Main Methods:

  • A mouse cDNA expression library was transfected into Cos-7 cells.
  • Cells binding MMTV were selected using an antibody against the viral envelope protein gp52.
  • The MMTV Receptor (MTVR) gene was isolated and characterized.

Main Results:

  • A novel gene, MTVR, was identified that confers MMTV binding to monkey and human cells.
  • MTVR-mediated binding was blocked by anti-MTVR antibodies.
  • Cells expressing MTVR became susceptible to infection by MMTV envelope pseudotyped retroviral vectors.
  • MTVR cofractionated with cellular membranes and directly bound the MMTV envelope protein.

Conclusions:

  • MTVR is a novel cellular receptor for MMTV.
  • MTVR plays a critical role in MMTV cell entry.
  • The MTVR sequence is unique and expressed in multiple tissues.

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