Microbial peptides and superantigens in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system
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Updated: Oct 30, 2026

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
Published on: September 12, 2016
S Brocke1, S Hausmann, L Steinman
1Neurological Diseases Section, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1400, USA.
Abstract:
The mechanisms by which microbial peptide antigens and superantigens might initiate and perpetuate autoimmune responses against antigens of the central nervous system are discussed. A model will be proposed that includes the initial activation of naive T lymphocytes through T cell receptor-mediated recognition of microbial antigens presented by MHC class II molecules. This event might be followed by re-activation of autoreactive T cells by bacterial and viral superantigens. Both mechanisms could lead to acute and relapsing autoimmune disease.
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