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Sustained decrease of peripheral lymphocytes after allogeneic blood stem cell aphereses

J Novotny1, J Kadar, B Hertenstein

  • 1Department of Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.

British Journal of Haematology
|April 8, 1998
PubMed
Summary
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Peripheral blood stem cell apheresis for transplantation significantly reduces lymphocyte counts. These counts recover by 11 months, correlating with apheresis volume and frequency.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Transplantation Science

Background:

  • Allogeneic transplantation relies on mobilized peripheral blood stem cells.
  • G-CSF is a common agent for mobilizing stem cells.
  • Understanding the impact of apheresis on donor lymphocyte populations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify lymphocyte collection during G-CSF-mobilized PBSC apheresis.
  • To assess the short-term and long-term effects of apheresis on donor peripheral lymphocyte counts.
  • To investigate correlations between apheresis parameters and lymphocyte depletion.

Main Methods:

  • 48 healthy donors underwent G-CSF mobilization followed by large-volume apheresis.
  • Peripheral blood cell counts (lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, monocytes) were monitored pre-apheresis and at 1 and 11 months post-apheresis.

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  • Statistical analysis was performed to correlate lymphocyte counts with apheresis volume and number of procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • A median of 55.9 x 10^9 lymphocytes were collected per donor.
    • Peripheral lymphocyte counts decreased significantly at 1 month post-apheresis (2.31 x 10^9/L to 1.31 x 10^9/L) but showed recovery by 11 months (1.53 x 10^9/L).
    • Lymphocyte depletion was significantly correlated with the number of lymphocytes collected and apheresis sessions. Neutrophil and platelet counts normalized within 1 month; monocyte counts and hemoglobin levels recovered by 11 months.

    Conclusions:

    • PBSC apheresis for allogeneic transplantation results in substantial, but temporary, depletion of peripheral lymphocytes in healthy donors.
    • The extent of lymphocyte reduction is dose-dependent on apheresis volume and frequency.
    • Donor lymphocyte counts demonstrate significant recovery within one year, suggesting resilience of the immune system post-apheresis.