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pANCA represents a cross-reactivity to enteric bacterial antigens
F Seibold1, S Brandwein, S Simpson
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
Journal of Clinical Immunology
|April 9, 1998
Summary
Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) are common in ulcerative colitis. This study found pANCA in colitis mouse models, suggesting cross-reactivity with gut bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) are frequently observed in patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis.
- The precise origin and potential cross-reactivity of pANCA in inflammatory bowel disease remain areas of active investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of pANCA in various mouse models of colitis.
- To determine if pANCA exhibits cross-reactivity with bacterial antigens from the gut microbiome.
Main Methods:
- Sera from 146 mice with induced colitis and controls, alongside sera from 30 ulcerative colitis patients, were analyzed.
- Indirect immunofluorescence was employed to detect pANCA, with additional testing involving absorption with homogenized murine cecal bacteria.
Main Results:
- pANCA was detected in 24 out of 36 IL10(-/-) mice.
- Both nuclear and perinuclear staining patterns were observed in mouse sera, differing from typical human pANCA.
- Absorption assays using enteric bacterial antigens significantly reduced or eliminated the specific perinuclear staining in both human and mouse pANCA-positive sera.
Conclusions:
- pANCA is present in IL10(-/-) mice with colitis, mirroring observations in human ulcerative colitis.
- The findings strongly suggest that pANCA in these colitis models represents a cross-reactivity phenomenon with enteric bacterial antigens.