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Related Experiment Videos

Optical mapping of cardiac electrical stimulation

S B Knisley1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0019, USA.

Journal of Electrocardiology
|April 16, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Optical mapping revealed how transmembrane voltage changes (deltaVm) during electrical stimulation depend on cardiac fiber orientation. The study confirmed bidomain model predictions of a "dogbone" deltaVm pattern, crucial for understanding cardiac electrophysiology.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiac electrophysiology
  • Biophysics
  • Optical imaging techniques

Background:

  • Understanding transmembrane voltage changes (deltaVm) is vital for cardiac electrophysiology.
  • Bidomain models predict deltaVm depends on cardiac fiber orientation.
  • Optical mapping offers a method to visualize these electrical phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between transmembrane voltage changes (deltaVm) and cardiac fiber orientation using optical mapping.
  • To determine if deltaVm patterns align with predictions from bidomain models during electrical stimulation.
  • To assess the utility of optical mapping in estimating fiber orientation and deltaVm.

Main Methods:

  • Optical mapping was employed on rabbit ventricular epicardium to measure deltaVm during electrical stimulation pulses (S2).

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  • Cardiac fiber orientation was optically determined from action potential (AP) propagation patterns.
  • Unipolar stimulation (S2) was applied during the refractory period to isolate deltaVm from new APs.

    • Main Results:

    • Anodal and cathodal stimulation resulted in distinct deltaVm patterns, with sign reversals observed parallel to cardiac fibers.
    • A "dogbone" pattern of deltaVm was observed, consistent with bidomain models incorporating unequal resistance anisotropy.
    • Optical mapping successfully indicated both fiber orientation and complex deltaVm distributions.

    Conclusions:

    • Transmembrane voltage changes during unipolar stimulation exhibit a "dogbone" spatial distribution, influenced by cardiac fiber orientation.
    • The observed deltaVm patterns support multidimensional bidomain models with unequal intracellular and extracellular resistance anisotropy.
    • Optical mapping is a valuable tool for characterizing cardiac electrical properties and validating biophysical models.