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Actin depolymerization affects stress-induced translational activity of potato tuber tissue

Morelli1, Zhou, Yu

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469-5735, USA.

Plant Physiology
|April 29, 1998
PubMed
Summary

Potato tuber protein synthesis changes with polymerized actin during stress. Wound-induced protein synthesis depends on microfilament integrity, suggesting actin cytoskeleton dynamics impact translational activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Actin cytoskeleton dynamics are crucial for cellular processes.
  • Protein synthesis regulation is vital for plant stress responses.
  • The role of actin in stress-induced protein synthesis in plants is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between polymerized actin and protein synthesis in potato tubers under stress conditions.
  • To determine the role of the actin cytoskeleton in wound-induced and low-oxygen-induced protein synthesis in potato tubers.

Main Methods:

  • Fluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analyses to assess polymerized actin levels.
  • Measurement of translational activity and protein synthesis in response to mechanical wounding and low-oxygen stress.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In vivo and in vitro experiments using cytochalasin D (actin disruptor) and colchicine (microtubule depolymerizer).

    • Main Results:

    • Polymerized actin was low in quiescent tubers but increased locally after mechanical wounding, coinciding with an 8-fold increase in protein synthesis.
    • Low-oxygen stress rapidly decreased polymerized actin and inhibited protein synthesis.
    • Cytochalasin D treatment reduced wound-induced protein synthesis in vivo and translational competence in vitro, while colchicine had no significant effect.
    • Neither drug affected in vitro run-off translation of isolated polysomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Wound-induced protein synthesis in potato tubers is dependent on the integrity of microfilaments.
    • Actin cytoskeleton dynamics play a significant role in regulating translational activity during stress conditions in plants.
    • The findings highlight a novel link between cytoskeletal organization and stress-responsive protein synthesis in plants.