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Artificial heart transplants

J Dunning1

  • 1Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK.

British Medical Bulletin
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical circulatory support devices offer advanced engineering for failing hearts but face challenges in power and blood interface. Current trends favor fully contained pumps, yet no study proves their survival advantage over medical management.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Mechanical Circulatory Support

Background:

  • Mechanical devices are crucial for supporting failing hearts in cardiothoracic practice.
  • Advanced engineering principles are employed, but power supply and blood-contacting surfaces present significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current approaches and challenges in mechanical heart support.
  • To highlight the shift towards fully contained, inductively coupled pumps and axial flow pumps.
  • To assess the evidence for survival advantage compared to medical management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current trends in mechanical circulatory support device design.
  • Discussion of engineering challenges, including power delivery and biocompatibility.

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  • Analysis of the clinical evidence regarding survival benefits.

    • Main Results:

    • Technological advancements are moving towards smaller, fully contained pumps with inductive coupling.
    • Axial pumps within great vessels and ventricles are gaining attention.
    • No prospective studies have demonstrated a survival advantage for mechanical support over medical management.

    Conclusions:

    • Mechanical heart support technology is advancing rapidly, with a focus on integrated, less invasive designs.
    • Despite engineering progress, a proven survival benefit over medical therapy is lacking.
    • Economic viability is essential for widespread patient access to these advanced treatments.