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Renal cell carcinoma in native kidneys of patients with end stage renal disease
W B Shingleton1, J Blalock, J Clark
1University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA.
Objective:
To determine prevalence of renal cell carcinoma in a cohort of patients with end stage renal disease who underwent nephrectomies for suspicious cysts or masses.
Methods:
A retrospective review of patients with end stage renal disease who were receiving hemodialysis and underwent nephrectomies were identified and those charts were reviewed.
Results:
Twenty patients, from a total of 400 patients with end stage renal disease, had nephrectómies preformed for various reasons. Of these twenty patients, four were found to have renal cell carcinoma with an occurrence rate of 5% in these patients. At followup from 1-9 years, all patients are alive without evidence of disease.
Conclusions:
Patients with end stage renal disease have an increased prevalence of renal cell carcinoma. While the patients in this series have a 100% survival at 1-9 year follow-up, the overall survival rate in published reports is 35%. The need is to identify patients at high risk for the development of this disease and perform annual screening.
Insights
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a higher prevalence of renal cell carcinoma. Early detection through annual screening is crucial for improving survival rates in this high-risk population.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Urology
Background:
- End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with an increased risk of various complications.
- Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a significant concern in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
- To evaluate outcomes in ESRD patients who underwent nephrectomy for suspicious renal cysts or masses.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records for patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis.
- Analysis of nephrectomy cases for suspicious renal cysts or masses.
Main Results:
- Four out of twenty (20%) ESRD patients who underwent nephrectomy were diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
- The occurrence rate of RCC in this cohort was 5%.
- All diagnosed patients showed 100% survival without evidence of disease at 1-9 year follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Patients with end-stage renal disease exhibit an elevated prevalence of renal cell carcinoma.
- Despite a higher prevalence, early detection and treatment in this series led to excellent survival.
- Annual screening is recommended for high-risk ESRD patients to identify potential renal cell carcinoma early.