Protection afforded by preconditioning to the diabetic heart against ischaemic injury

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J F Bouchard1, D Lamontagne

  • 1Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada.

Cardiovascular Research
|April 16, 1998
PubMed

Insights

Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) protects diabetic rat hearts, but requires an extended protocol to preserve endothelial function. A more extensive IPC protocol, potentially involving longer adenosine exposure, is necessary for cardioprotection in diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus impairs endothelial function and myocardial performance.
  • Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is a protective phenomenon against ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
  • The efficacy of IPC in diabetic hearts requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardioprotective effects of IPC on endothelial and myocardial function in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
  • To determine if diabetes alters the response to IPC.

Main Methods:

  • Isolated rat hearts were subjected to 30 minutes of partial ischaemia and 20 minutes of reperfusion.
  • Hearts underwent different IPC protocols (single or triple cycles) or adenosine pre-treatment.
  • Endothelial-dependent (serotonin) and independent (sodium nitroprusside) vasodilation were assessed.
  • Myocardial function (dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin) was measured.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic hearts showed reduced vasodilation to serotonin, an endothelium-dependent agent.
  • A single IPC protocol (IPC1) failed to preserve vasodilation in diabetic hearts, unlike in non-diabetic hearts.
  • An extended IPC protocol (IPC3) preserved serotonin-induced vasodilation in both diabetic and non-diabetic hearts.
  • IPC3 improved myocardial function recovery during ischaemia and reperfusion, while IPC1 did not.
  • Adenosine pre-treatment mimicked IPC3 effects when given 30 minutes prior to ischaemia.

Conclusions:

  • IPC can protect endothelial function in the coronary arteries of diabetic rat hearts.
  • A more extensive IPC protocol is required for this protective effect in diabetes.
  • The protective mechanism may involve prolonged exposure to adenosine.
Abstract

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